The machining center is developed from the basic Cnc Milling Machine, which integrates all the features and functions of the Cnc Milling Machine. The only difference from the CNC Milling Machine is that the machining center has an automatic tool changer, which can realize the automatic tool change function during processing. However, the CNC milling machine does not have an automatic tool changer and cannot realize the automatic tool change function. This is the only difference between the CNC milling machine and the machining center. Today I will introduce the automatic tool changer.
The composition of the automatic tool changer of the machining center
The automatic tool changer of the machining center is composed of a tool magazine, a mechanical arm, and a drive mechanism. The tool magazine stores the tools needed for processing. There are many types of tool magazines, which are mainly classified according to their shapes, such as hat-type tool magazines, disc-type tool magazines, and chain-type tool magazines. These tool magazines have a capacity of several to hundreds of tools. There are two types of tool magazines commonly used in machining centers in the market: hat type tool magazines and disc type tool magazines. However, chain-type tool magazines are not used by many manufacturers because of their high prices. The following editor will introduce its tool change method.
Tool change method of hat type tool magazine
The tool change method of the hat type tool magazine is relatively simple. This type of tool magazine does not have a mechanical arm, so there is no need to use a mechanical arm to complete the tool change. The tool change method of the tool magazine is as follows: the tool magazine moves to the spindle to realize the tool change. This type has the advantages of high cost performance, convenient maintenance, simple structure, etc., but the disadvantage is that the tool change speed is slow.
Tool change method of disc type tool magazine
The tool change method of the disc-type tool magazine is more complicated. The tool change action is mainly completed by the mechanical arm, and the tool is taken out by the manipulator from the tool magazine and rotated 180° and loaded into the spindle to complete the tool change. This type of tool magazine has the advantages of fast tool change speed, but its disadvantages are complex structure, inconvenient maintenance, and high failure rate.
Although the tool change methods, tool selection methods, and tool structure of these tool magazines are different, they are all controlled by the CNC system, and the tool selection and exchange are realized by motors, air pressure or hydraulic pressure and manipulators.
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