CNC lathe installation and commissioning

Whether it is a machine tool or some instrument products, installation and debugging are required before use. Whether the installation and debugging is correct and reasonable depends on a large program whether this cnc machine tool can exert normal economic efficiency and its own service life. This is something that manufacturers and user factories of cnc machine tools must face. Let’s talk about the installation and debugging methods of CNC lathes that are well known to professionals.

1. Visual inspection before power on

Machine tool electrical inspection Open the machine tool electrical control box, check the relay, contactor, fuse, servo motor speed, control unit socket, spindle motor speed control unit socket, etc. for looseness. If there is any looseness, return to normal state, and there is a locking mechanism. Connectors must be locked, machine tools with a transfer box must check the socket on the transfer box, whether the wiring is loose, and the lock mechanism must be locked. CNC electrical box inspection Open the CNC electrical box door, check various interface sockets, servo motor feedback line sockets, spindle pulse generator sockets, manual pulse generator sockets, CRT sockets, etc., if they are loose, they must be reinserted and locked. The mechanism must be locked. Check the setting of the short-circuit terminal on each printed circuit board according to the manual, and it must be in accordance with the state set by the machine tool manufacturer. If it is really wrong, it should be reset. Generally, there is no need to reset, but the user must set the short-circuit terminal. Make the original record of the state. Wiring quality check Check all wiring terminals. Including the terminals of the strong and weak current parts connected by the machine tool manufacturer during assembly and the wiring terminals of the power cord of each motor. Each terminal must be tightened with a screwdriver once until it can’t be screwed with the screwdriver. Each motor socket must be Tighten. Solenoid valve inspection All solenoid valves must be pushed several times by hand to prevent malfunctions caused by a long period of non-energization. If abnormalities are found, a record should be made for confirmation of repair or replacement after the power is turned on. Limit switch check Check the flexibility of the limit switch action and whether the fixation is firm. If the action is found to be poor or the fixation is not firm, it should be dealt with immediately. Buttons and switches Check the buttons and switches on the operation panel. Check the wiring of all buttons, switches and indicator lights on the operation panel. If there is any error, it should be dealt with immediately. Check the socket and wiring on the CRT unit. The ground wire inspection requires a good ground wire. When measuring the ground wire of the machine tool, the grounding resistance cannot be greater than 1Ω. Power phase sequence check Use the phase sequence table to check the phase sequence of the input power supply, and confirm that the phase sequence of the input power supply is absolutely consistent with the power supply phase sequence calibrated everywhere on the machine tool.

For equipment with secondary wiring, such as power transformers, the consistency of the phase sequence of the secondary wiring must be confirmed. It is necessary to ensure that the phase sequence is absolutely correct. At this time, the power supply voltage should be measured and recorded.

2. Turn on the total voltage of the machine tool

Turn on the main power supply of the machine tool, check whether the rotation of the CNC electric box, the cooling fan of the spindle motor, and the cooling fan of the machine tool electrical box is correct, whether the oil mark indication of lubrication, hydraulic pressure, etc., and the machine lighting lamp are normal, and whether the fuses are damaged, such as If there is an abnormality, the power supply should be cut off immediately for maintenance, and the operation can be continued without abnormality. Measure the voltage of each part of the strong current, especially the primary and secondary voltage of the power transformer for CNC and servo unit, and make a record. Observe for oil leakage, especially hydraulic cylinders and solenoid valves for turret indexing, clamping, spindle gear shifting, and chuck clamping. If there is oil leakage, power off immediately to repair or replace.

3. Turn on the CNC electric box

Press the CNC power button, turn on the CNC power, and observe the CRT display until the normal screen appears. If the ALARM display appears, you should look for the fault and eliminate it. At this time, you should re-energize and check. Turn on the CNC power supply, and measure the voltages at all levels according to the position of the test terminal given in the relevant materials. If there is a deviation, adjust to the given value and make a record. Place the status switch in the appropriate position. For example, the Japanese FANUC system should be placed in the MDI status, and select the parameter page. Check the parameters one by one bit by bit, these parameters should be consistent with the random parameter table. If you find inconsistent parameters, you should find out the meaning of each parameter before deciding whether to modify it. For example, the value of backlash compensation may be inconsistent with the parameter table, which can be modified at any time after actual processing. Place the state selection switch at the JOG position, place the jog speed at the lowest gear, and perform jog operations in the positive and negative directions of each coordinate. At the same time, press the overtravel protection switch corresponding to the jog direction by hand to verify its protective effect Then, a slow overtravel test is carried out to verify the correctness of the installation of the overtravel striker. Set the status switch to the zero return position to complete the zero return operation. No other operations can be performed unless the reference point return is completed. Therefore, in this case, you should perform this operation first, and then perform the fourth operation. Put the status switch in JOG position or MDI position, perform manual gear shift test, after verification, put the spindle speed control switch at the lowest position, carry out the spindle forward and reverse rotation test of each gear, observe the spindle running situation and the correctness of the speed display , And then gradually increase the speed to the maximum speed, and observe the stability of the spindle operation. Carry out manual guide rail lubrication test to make the guide rail have good lubrication. Gradually change the fast-moving overshoot switch and the feedrate override switch, jog the tool post at will, and observe the correctness of the speed change.

4. MDI test

Measure the actual speed of the spindle, put the lock switch of the machine tool in the ON position, input instructions with manual data, perform arbitrary shifting of the spindle, speed change test, measure the actual speed of the spindle, and observe the displayed value of the spindle speed. The adjustment error should be limited to 5% within. The purpose of the tool selection test of the turret or tool holder is to check the correctness of the tool holder or the forward, reverse and positioning accuracy. The function test is different according to the order situation, the function is also different, each function can be tested according to the specific situation. To prevent accidents, it is best to lock the machine tool for testing first, and then release the machine tool for testing. EDIT function test Put the state selection switch in the EDIT position, compile a simple program by yourself, including as many function instructions and auxiliary function instructions as possible, and the moving size is limited to the maximum stroke of the machine tool, and the program is added, deleted and modified at the same time . The automatic state test locks the machine tool, uses the programmed program to perform a dry run test to verify the correctness of the program, and then releases the machine tool, and respectively changes the feedrate override switch, fast overshoot switch, and spindle speed overshoot switch. Make the machine tool fully operate under the various changes of the above switches, and then place each overshoot switch at the 100% position to make the machine tool fully operate, and observe whether the whole machine works normally.

Regarding the installation and debugging of CNC lathes, not only theoretical knowledge is required, but more importantly, there is a certain accumulation of experience. The theory is given to practice, and practice is the key. Only by real operation can you discover the university questions and a lot of knowledge that cannot be given to you theoretically.