Study on Mechanical Properties of Welded Joints of Duplex Stainless Steel

   Duplex stainless steel has the same proportion of ferrite and austenite, and has excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. It is widely used in petrochemical, transportation, marine engineering and other fields. 2205 duplex stainless steel is a typical representative of the second generation of duplex stainless steel, and the proportion of global production and application is as high as 80%. As an indispensable process in material processing, welding has a profound impact on the production, application and promotion of duplex stainless steel.

However, under the action of the welding thermal cycle during the welding process, the base metal and the weld deposited metal are prone to a series of complex phase transitions and element migration under the unsteady heating conditions of rapid heating and rapid cooling. The organization and overall performance have a great impact. Therefore, the theoretical research value of the weldability of duplex stainless steel is to ensure that the heat-affected zone and weld area of ​​the welded joint obtain the appropriate two-phase ratio by setting appropriate process parameters; prevent the harmful second phase precipitation caused by welding heating and cooling And cause embrittlement.

Our technicians use the method of submerged arc automatic welding and flux-cored wire gas shielded submerged arc welding to weld SAF2205 duplex stainless steel, focusing on the effect of different welding process parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of welded joints. influences.

The base material used for the test is the SAF2205 duplex stainless steel produced by Sweden’s Avesta company, with a plate thickness of 12mm; the welding material is also provided by the company, the flux-cored wire grade is Avesta FCW-2D2205/Φ1.2mm, and the submerged arc welding wire and flux grade is Avesta2205 /Φ3.2mm, Avesta Flux805.

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Three different welding processes were used to carry out flat plate butt welding experiments on 2205 duplex stainless steel. After welding, the microstructure of the joint is observed with a metallurgical microscope and SEM. The austenite volume fraction is determined by the grid method, referring to the standard ASTM E562, and the mechanical performance test is performed in accordance with the regulations of China Classification Society “Materials and Welding Rules”.

Generally speaking, austenite plays a decisive role in improving the ductility of duplex stainless steel. Within a certain range, the impact absorption energy of the material is positively correlated with the austenite content. Further research found that the impact toughness of duplex stainless steel joints is not only related to its two phases, but also closely related to the precipitation of harmful secondary phases. The precipitation of a small amount of σ phase can significantly reduce the impact toughness of the material.

In the multi-layer and multi-pass welding process, the heat treatment of the subsequent weld bead directly affects the cooling rate of the weld deposited metal. The larger the amount of subsequent filler metal and the more the weld bead, the lower the cooling rate, which further increases The possibility of precipitation of σ phase and γ2 phase.

The microstructure of duplex stainless steel welded joints consists of two phases of ferrite and austenite. Except for the V-groove SAW+FCAW combined welding process, the proportion of austenite in the bottom weld bead of the joint sample is too large, the other samples are austenite The proportion of body is close to that of the base metal, around 50%, and the proportion of HAZ austenite is generally lower than that of the weld zone.