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Three machining methods of beryllium copper
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Beryllium bronze should be very new to everyone, and it is a very versatile precipitation hardening alloy. This article mainly describes the three processing methods of beryllium copper. |
(1) Solution treatment of beryllium bronze
Generally, the heating temperature of solution treatment is between 780-820 ℃. For materials used as elastic components, 760-780 ℃ is used to prevent the coarse grains from affecting the strength. The temperature uniformity of the solution treatment furnace should be strictly controlled at ± 5 ° C. The holding time can generally be calculated as 1 hour / 25mm. When beryllium bronze is subjected to solution heat treatment in air or oxidizing atmosphere, an oxide film will be formed on the surface. Although it has little effect on the mechanical properties after aging strengthening, it will affect the service life of the tooling during cold working. In order to avoid oxidation, it should be heated in a vacuum furnace or ammonia decomposition, inert gas, reducing atmosphere (such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, etc.), so as to obtain a bright heat treatment effect. In addition, pay attention to shortening the transfer time (when quenching) as much as possible, otherwise it will affect the mechanical properties after aging. Thin materials should not exceed 3 seconds, and general parts should not exceed 5 seconds. The quenching medium generally uses water (without heating requirements), of course, complex parts can also use oil in order to avoid deformation.
(2) Aging treatment of beryllium bronze
The aging temperature of beryllium bronze is related to the content of Be, and alloys containing Be less than 2.1% are suitable for aging treatment. For alloys with Be greater than 1.7%, the best aging temperature is 300-330 ℃, and the holding time is 1-3 hours (depending on the shape and thickness of the part). Highly conductive electrode alloys with Be below 0.5%, due to the increase in melting point, the best aging temperature is 450-480 ℃, and the holding time is 1-3 hours. In recent years, two-stage and multi-stage aging have also been developed, that is, short-term aging at high temperature and then long-term aging at low temperature. The advantage of this is that the performance is improved but the deformation is reduced. In order to improve the dimensional accuracy of beryllium bronze after aging, the clamp can be used for aging, and sometimes two separate aging treatments can also be used.
(3) Stress relief of beryllium bronze
Beryllium bronze has an annealing temperature of 150-200 ° C and a holding time of 1-1.5 hours.It can be used to eliminate residual stress caused by metal cutting, straightening, cold forming, etc., and stabilize the shape and dimensional accuracy of parts during long-term use .
After copper machining solution and aging treatment, the strength can reach 1250-1500MPa (1250-1500 kg). Its heat treatment is characterized by good plasticity after solution treatment and cold deformation. However, after the aging treatment, it has an excellent elastic limit and the hardness and strength are also improved.
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