Difference Between Plastic And Metal
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Engineering plastics have small specific gravity, high strength, and corrosion resistance. In Future,they can be used to replace metal materials to make structural components required for many application products. |
Compared with engineering plastics and metals, the main advantages are:
(1) Light weight
The proportion of engineering plastics is generally about 0.83 to 2.2, only 1/9 to 1/4 of steel and about 1/2 of aluminum. Some engineering plastics, such as polypropylene, are much lighter than water. This characteristic of plastics is of particular significance for machinery and equipment that require reduced weight, such as vehicles, ships, and aircraft.
(2) Higher than strength
For plastic machining materials of equal volume, the strength of engineering plastics is generally lower than that of metals. However, because engineering plastics are much lighter than metals, some engineering plastics are much stronger than ordinary metals when compared with equal weight. , Is the strongest material among the existing structural materials. For example, the tensile strength per unit weight of glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin is about 2 times higher than that of ordinary steel.
(3) Good chemical stability
Engineering plastics generally have good corrosion resistance to chemicals such as acids and alkalis, which is a significant advantage. Among them, polytetrafluoroethylene and polychloroether have very prominent anti-corrosion ability, and have broad development prospects in chemical anti-corrosion equipment.
(4) Excellent electrical performance
Almost all engineering plastics have superior electrical insulation performance, very small dielectric loss, and excellent arc resistance. They can be compared with ceramic, rubber and other insulating materials. Therefore, the application of engineering plastics in motors, electrical appliances and electronics industries has extremely broad prospects.
(5) Excellent friction reduction and wear resistance
With this feature, engineering plastics can be used to make a variety of self-lubricating bearings, gears and seals. Engineering plastics also have a good ability to bury foreign bodies.
(6) Excellent shock absorption and noise reduction
Machinery equipped with engineering plastic bearings and gears can reduce vibration, reduce noise and even mute sound. For example, the car tie rod ball head seat was originally made of 45 carbon-bonded steel, which has a short service life and a large noise; the use of nylon will not only extend the service life by about 1 time, but also greatly reduce the noise.
(7) Convenient molding process
Engineering plastic products can often be formed at one time, while metal products always have to be processed in several, dozens, or even dozens of procedures. This characteristic of engineering plastics is very meaningful for saving man-hours and improving labor productivity. Machining of plastics is also relatively easy.
Because engineering plastics has many of the advantages mentioned above in terms of physical and mechanical properties, it has become more and more widely used in industry. This in turn has promoted the rapid development of the plastics industry.
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