The quality of heat treatment is directly related to the quality of subsequent processing and ultimately affects the performance and life of parts. At the same time, heat treatment is a major energy consumer and a major polluter in the machinery industry. In recent years, with the progress of science and technology and its application in heat treatment, the development of heat treatment technology is mainly reflected in the following aspects:
(1) Wastewater, waste gas, waste salt, dust, noise and electromagnetic radiation formed by clean heat treatment heat treatment production will cause pollution to the environment. Solving the environmental pollution of heat treatment and implementing clean heat treatment (or green heat treatment) is one of the development directions of heat treatment technology in developed countries. In order to reduce the emission of SO2, CO, CO2, dust and coal slag, the use of coal as fuel has been basically eliminated, and the use of heavy oil is becoming less and less. Most people switch to light oil, and natural gas is still the most ideal fuel. The waste heat utilization of the combustion furnace has reached a high level. The optimization of the burner structure and the strict control of the air-fuel ratio ensure that NOX and CO are reduced to a minimum under the premise of reasonable combustion; gas carburization and carbonitriding are used And vacuum heat treatment technology replaces salt bath treatment to reduce the pollution of waste salt and CN-containing toxic substances to water sources; uses water-soluble synthetic quenching oil to replace part of quenching oil, and uses biodegradable vegetable oil to replace part of mineral oil to reduce oil pollution.
(2) Precision heat treatment Precision heat treatment has two meanings: on the one hand, it is based on the use requirements, materials, and structural dimensions of the parts, using physical metallurgy knowledge and advanced computer simulation and testing technology to optimize the process parameters to achieve the required performance or Maximize the potential of the material; on the other hand, fully guarantee the stability of the optimized process, realize the product quality dispersion is very small (or zero) and the heat treatment distortion is zero.
(3) The scientific production and energy management of energy-saving heat treatment are the most potential factors for the effective use of energy. The establishment of a professional heat treatment plant to ensure full-load production and give full play to the equipment capabilities is the choice of scientific management. In terms of heat treatment energy structure, priority is given to primary energy; full use of waste heat and waste heat; low energy consumption and short cycle processes instead of long cycle and high energy consumption processes.
(4) Less and no-oxidizing heat treatment by using protective atmosphere heating instead of oxidizing atmosphere heating to controllable atmosphere heating with precise control of carbon potential and nitrogen potential. After heat treatment, the performance of parts is improved, and heat treatment defects such as decarburization and cracks are greatly reduced. The subsequent finishing allowance is reduced, which improves the utilization rate of materials and machining efficiency. Vacuum heating gas quenching, vacuum or low-pressure carburizing, nitriding, nitrocarburizing and boronizing can significantly improve quality, reduce distortion, and increase life.
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